1. WHAT IS THE STARTING POINT OF GESTAL THEORY?
The starting point of Gestalt theory is perception. The Gestaltists built the basis of their theory based on psychophysical studies, which relate form and behavior.
2. WHAT IS GESTALT'S CRITICAL TO BEHAVIORISM?
Behaviorism studies behavior through the stimulus-response relationship, and Gestalt criticizes this approach because it considers behavior to be studied in a broader context.
3. WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF PERCEPTION OF STIMULUS TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN GESTALT'S THEORY?
For gestaltistas, the process between the stimulus that the medium provides and the response of the individual, the process of perception is found. What the individual perceives and how he perceives them are important data for the understanding of human behavior.
4. Cite an example that shows a different perception of the environment if its reality.
A person who constantly wears glasses and has the courage to adjust it, the moment he has not used it, will by stimulus, want to straighten it out. However, you will notice that you are not wearing glasses, even if your mind appears to be. (When we were out for a long time exposing our vision to the brightness of the sun, and
we quickly went home to answer a phone for example. We will then have the impression that we are "blind" for a moment).
5. What is needed to achieve good form?
To achieve the good form and necessary there is balance, symmetry, stability and simplicity in the elements.
6. How important is the figure-background relationship in perception?
If we have elements present balance, symmetry, stability and simplicity, we can guarantee the good form, that is, we surpass the optical illusion.
7. What is the set of behavioral stimuli called?
The set of behavioral stimuli is called the geographical and behavioral medium.
8. Explain, by way of example, the geographical environment and the behavioral milieu.
The interaction between the geographical environment and the behavioral environment can be explained by the example of a room that is at a certain temperature, however, the individual's thermal sensation is different from the environment as well as from other people in this room.
9. What is the psychological field?
The psychological field is understood as a force field that leads us to look for good form. This force field guarantees the understanding of the best
situations that are not very well structured. It is the tendency to put the elements together.
10. What principles govern the psychological field in the search for good form?
The principles are proximity, resemblance and closure. In the first the closer elements tend to be grouped together. In the second, similar elements are grouped together. And in the third, there is a tendency to close the scattered elements to ensure their understanding.
11. What is insight? Give an example.
Insight is an immediate understanding. If I forget to take a medicine, I may well remember to take it, right after watching a pharmaceutical advertisement, even if it's about a different remedy.
12. What is living space in Lewin's theory?
For Lewin, living space was defined as "the totality of the facts that determine the behavior of the individual at a certain time."
13. What is psychological field for Lewin?
The psychological field was the space of life where not only the individual and the environment are taken into account, but also the totality of the coexisting and mutually interdependent facts.
14. According to Lewin, what is the defining characteristic of the group?
The defining characteristic of the group is the interdependence of its members.
The starting point of Gestalt theory is perception. The Gestaltists built the basis of their theory based on psychophysical studies, which relate form and behavior.
2. WHAT IS GESTALT'S CRITICAL TO BEHAVIORISM?
Behaviorism studies behavior through the stimulus-response relationship, and Gestalt criticizes this approach because it considers behavior to be studied in a broader context.
3. WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF PERCEPTION OF STIMULUS TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN GESTALT'S THEORY?
For gestaltistas, the process between the stimulus that the medium provides and the response of the individual, the process of perception is found. What the individual perceives and how he perceives them are important data for the understanding of human behavior.
4. Cite an example that shows a different perception of the environment if its reality.
A person who constantly wears glasses and has the courage to adjust it, the moment he has not used it, will by stimulus, want to straighten it out. However, you will notice that you are not wearing glasses, even if your mind appears to be. (When we were out for a long time exposing our vision to the brightness of the sun, and
we quickly went home to answer a phone for example. We will then have the impression that we are "blind" for a moment).
5. What is needed to achieve good form?
To achieve the good form and necessary there is balance, symmetry, stability and simplicity in the elements.
6. How important is the figure-background relationship in perception?
If we have elements present balance, symmetry, stability and simplicity, we can guarantee the good form, that is, we surpass the optical illusion.
7. What is the set of behavioral stimuli called?
The set of behavioral stimuli is called the geographical and behavioral medium.
8. Explain, by way of example, the geographical environment and the behavioral milieu.
The interaction between the geographical environment and the behavioral environment can be explained by the example of a room that is at a certain temperature, however, the individual's thermal sensation is different from the environment as well as from other people in this room.
9. What is the psychological field?
The psychological field is understood as a force field that leads us to look for good form. This force field guarantees the understanding of the best
situations that are not very well structured. It is the tendency to put the elements together.
10. What principles govern the psychological field in the search for good form?
The principles are proximity, resemblance and closure. In the first the closer elements tend to be grouped together. In the second, similar elements are grouped together. And in the third, there is a tendency to close the scattered elements to ensure their understanding.
11. What is insight? Give an example.
Insight is an immediate understanding. If I forget to take a medicine, I may well remember to take it, right after watching a pharmaceutical advertisement, even if it's about a different remedy.
12. What is living space in Lewin's theory?
For Lewin, living space was defined as "the totality of the facts that determine the behavior of the individual at a certain time."
13. What is psychological field for Lewin?
The psychological field was the space of life where not only the individual and the environment are taken into account, but also the totality of the coexisting and mutually interdependent facts.
14. According to Lewin, what is the defining characteristic of the group?
The defining characteristic of the group is the interdependence of its members.
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